Tuesday, 16 July 2013

Topic 31



Topic 31                   Forms of the Verb
There are 4 Forms of Verb:
     F1  =  Simple Present Form / root verb / base form
     F2  =  Present Participle
     F3  =  Simple Past Form
     F4  =  Past Participle
There are Regular and Irregular Forms of the Verb.
Forms of the Verb  ------------   Regular and Irregular
In Regular Forms of the Verb,  we suffix ‘ed’ to F1 to form F3 and F4.
In Irregular Forms of the Verb, there are different forms for F3 and F4.

Irregular Forms of the Verb
        F1                      F2                    F3                     F4
1.     bear              bearing                  bore              *borne
2.     wear             wearing                  wore               worn
3.     tear               tearing                   tore                torn
4.     become         becoming                became           become  
5.     come             coming                   came              come
6.     begin             beginning*              began             begun  (i – a - u) 
The vowel letter for the word ‘begin’ change from ‘i’ to ‘a’ in F3 and ‘u’ in F4.   The  other letters remain the same.
7.     bend              bending                  bent               bent
8.     lend               lending                   lent                lent
9.     send              sending                   sent               sent
10.   spend             spending                 spent             spent
11.   bite                biting                      bit                 bitten
12.   hide               hiding                      hid                hidden
13.   bleed             bleeding                  bled               bled
14.   feed              feeding                    fed                 fed
15.   blow              blowing                   blew               blown
16.   grow             growing                   grew               grown
17.   fly                 flying                      flew                 flown
18.   break            breaking                  broke               broken
19.   speak            speaking                  spoke               spoken
20.   bring             bringing                   brought            brought
21.   buy               buying                     bought             bought
22.   think             thinking                   thought             thought
23.   fight              fighting                   fought               fought
24.   build             building                   built                   built         (109)
25.   catch             catching                  caught               caught
26.   teach             teaching                  taught             taught
27.   choose           choosing                 chose               chosen
28.   creep             creeping                  crept                crept
29.   keep              keeping                   kept                 kept
30.   kneel             kneeling                   knelt                knelt
31.   dig                digging*                  dug                   dug
32.   do                 doing                       did                   done
33.   draw             drawing                   drew                 drawn
34.   drink             drinking                   drank                drunk  (i – a - u)
35.   drive             driving                     drove                driven  (i - o)
36.   fall                falling                      fell                    fallen
37.   bind              binding                   bound               bound
38.   find               finding                     found                found
39.   wind              winding                   wound               wound
40.   get                getting                     got                   got
41.   forget            forgetting                 forgot               forgot
42.   give               giving                      gave                 given
43.   forgive           forgiving                  forgave             forgiven  (i - a)
44.  freeze             freezing                   froze                 frozen
(A verb which is ended in ‘e’ just drop ‘e’ and add ‘ing’ like No. 11, 12, 27, 
 35, 41, 42, 43 and the like. )
45.    go                  going                       went               gone
46. a) hang (a thing) hanging                    hung              hung
     b) hang ( a man) hanging                    hanged           hanged
47.  have              having                      had                 had
48.  hear               hearing                     heard                heard
49.  hold               holding                      held                  held  (o - e)
50.  lay                 laying                        laid                   laid
51.  say                saying                        said                  said
52.  pay                paying                       paid                  paid
53.  lead               leading                       led                    led
54.  leave             leaving                        left                   left
55.  lie                  lying                           lay                   lain
56.  lie                  lying                          lied                   lied
57.  die                 dying                         died                  died
58.  tie                 tying                          tied                   tied
59.  light              lighting                       lit                       lit     (110)
60.  lose              losing                          lost                    lost        
61.  make            making                        made                 made
62.  meet             meeting                      met                    met
63.  ride               riding                         rode                   ridden (i - o)
64.  rise               rising                          rose                   risen   (i - o)
65.  saw              sawing                        sawed                  sawn
66.  sew              sewing                        sewed                  sewn
67.  sow              sowing                        sowed                  sown
68.  see               seeing                         saw                     seen
69.  sell               selling                        sold       (old)       sold
70.  tell                telling                         told                      told
71.  shake            shaking                       shook                   shaken
72.  take              taking                         took                      taken
73.  shine             shining                       shone      (one)      shone
74.  shoot             shooting                     shot                      shot
75.  show             showing                      showed                 shown
76.  sing             singing                        sang                   sung (i – a - u)
77.  ring              ringing                        rang                      rung
78.  sink              sinking                        sank                      sunk
79.  sit                sitting                          sat                        sat
80.  stand            standing                      stood                   stood
81.  understand   understanding         understood           understood
82.  steal             stealing                       stole                    stolen
83.  strike            striking                        struck                  struck
84.  swell             swelling                       swelled                swollen
85.  swim            swimming                    swam                swum (i - a - u)
86.  win              winning                        won                      won

In the following verbs, F3 and F4 are the same as F1.
1.  burst             bursting                       burst                 burst
2.  hurt               hurting                        hurt                  hurt
3.  cost               costing                        cost                   cost
4.  cut                cutting                         cut                    cut
5.  put                putting                        put                    put
6.  shut              shutting                       shut                   shut
7.  hit                 hitting                         hit                      hit
8.  split               splitting                        split                   split    (111)
9.    let               letting                          let                      let
10.  set              setting                          set                     set    
11.  read            reading                         read                   read
12.  spread         spreading                     spread                spread

Regular Forms of the Verb
When the letter before ‘y’ is ‘a, e, i, o, or u’,  just add ‘ed’ to the word.
1.  enjoy           enjoying                    enjoyed             enjoyed
2.  employ        employing                  employed          employed
3.  play               playing                     played              played
4.  pray              praying                      prayed            prayed
5.  delay             delaying                    delayed           delayed
6.  relay             relaying                      relayed           relayed

When the letter before ‘y’ is a consonant letter,  drop ‘y’ and add ‘ied’.
1.  bury              burying                       buried            buried
2.  carry             carrying                     carried             carried
3.  copy              copying                      copied            copied
4.  cry                crying                         cried              cried
5.  fry                frying                          fried               fried
6.  hurry            hurrying                      hurried            hurried
7.  marry           marrying                     married            married
8.  reply            replying                       replied             replied
9.  study            studying                      studied             studied
10.  try              trying                          tried                 tried

At least 90% of the Verbs, we only have to add ‘ed’ to form F3 and F4.
Here are just the few samples of the verbs.  If the verb ended in ‘e’, just add ‘d’ to the word just as No. 1, 3
1.  achieve          achieving           achieved             achieved
2.  add               adding               added                 added
3.  advise           advising             advised               advised
4.  agree*           agreeing            agreed                agreed
(Any verb with ‘ee’, just add ‘ing’ to form F2 and ‘d’ to form F3 and F4.)
5.  allow            allowing              allowed                allowed
6.  amend          amending           amended              amended
7.  announce      announcing         announced           announced  (112)
8.  appoint         appointing          appointed             appointed  
9.  appear          appearing          appeared               appeared
10.  arrange        arranging          arranged                arranged    
11.  arrive           arriving             arrived                   arrived
12.  bake             baking              baked                    baked
13.  behave         behaving           behaved                 behaved
14.  believe         believing            believed                 believed
15.  breathe        breathing           breathed                breathed
16.  cane            caning               caned                     caned
17.  change        changing            changed                 changed
18.  cheat           cheating             cheated                 cheated
19.  claim           claiming              claimed                 claimed
20.  close           closing                closed                   closed
21.  compare      comparing           compared              compared
22.  compete      competing           competed              competed
23.  continue      continuing           continued              continued
24.  count          counting              counted                 counted
25.  cope           coping                 coped                    coped
26.  dance         dancing                danced                  danced
27.  divide         dividing                divided                  divided
28.  escape       escaping               escaped                 escaped
29.  exchange    exchanging           exchanged             exchanged
30.  fix              fixing                    fixed                     fixed
31.  hand          handing                handed                  handed
32.  head          heading                headed                   headed
33.  hope          hoping                  hoped                    hoped        
34.  jump         jumping                 jumped                  jumped 
35.  laugh        laughing                 laughed                 laughed
36.  live           living                      lived                      lived
37.  mention    mentioning              mentioned             mentioned
38.  prepare     preparing                prepared               prepared
39.  present     presenting               presented              presented
40.  object       objecting                 objected                objected
41.  queue       queuing                   queued                 queued
42.  return       returning                 returned                returned
43.  sweat       sweating                  sweated                sweated
44.  shout       shouting                   shouted                shouted   (113)


Topic 31              Forms of the Verb             
Exercise 181
Fill in the blanks with the correct Tense of the Verb.      (Present Tenses)
1.  Dolly _________ (have) a hoop. She ____________ (play) with it now.
2.  Cindy ___________  her desk every day.  She ____________ her desk
     now.    (dust).  She __________(be) a clean and neat girl.
3.  Aida __________ English and Chinese well.  She ____________
     Chinese now.  (speak)  She ___________ (learn) the languages since
     she was two years old.
4.  My mother _________________ yoga now.  She ________________
     yoga every  day.  (practise)   She _____________(attend) yoga lessons 
     since five years ago.  She __________ (be) very healthy.
5.  I ____________ (be) a health-conscious person.  I always __________
     (eat) organic food.  I ___________(try) to have a balanced diet.
6.  Maria’s grandparents ________ (be) very healthy.  They ____________
     every day.  Look, they ___________________ now.  (exercise)   They
     ______________ (already exercise) for half an hour.

Exercise 182
Fill in the blanks with the correct Tense of the Verb.     (Past Tenses)
1.  Doris ________ (have) a toothache yesterday.  Her mother _________
     (bring) her to see a dentist.  They _____________ (wait) for an hour.
2.  Zaki _________ (be) absent last Monday.  He ___________(fall) from
     his bicycle and __________ (injure) his left leg .
3.  Julia ___________ (walk) to the park when she ________(meet) Tom.
4.  My mother __________ (scold) us yesterday when she ____________
     __________(find) out that we _____________(break) her vase.
5.  The two men _____________(quarrel) loudly all the time yesterday.
6.  The children ______________ (make) a lot of noise when Miss Ting
     ___________ (arrive) at the classroom.  It ________(be) dirty too.

Exercise 183
Fill in the blanks with the correct Tense of the Verb.         (Future Tenses)
1.  Jack ___________ (co-operate) with his brother after the lecture.
2.  Tina ____________________ (change) her job soon.
3.  Miss Mok__________________ (deliver) a speech on “Road Safety”
     at 7 pm next Friday.
4.  You _________________(camp) with your friends at this time next
     Friday.
5.  I __________________ (attend) a cookery lesson next week.
6.  My aunt__________________ (rent) a place for tuition next month.
7.  We ____________________ (jog) with others in the joggathon at 8 am 
     tomorrow.                                                                         (114)

Exercise 184                                                                                
Fill in the blanks with the correct Tense of the Verb.
1.  The children ______________ (skip) ropes when I came.
2.  Nora’s little brother can__________(count) very well.
3.  I ___________(hear) them joking and laughing last night. 
4.  Harris ___________ (revise) his lessons every day.  He ________(be)
     very hardworking.  He is well-disciplined as well.
5.  You should ___________ (behave) yourself at all times.
6.  They ___________ (pack) all their things before they ________ (leave)
     for home last Thursday.
7.  Jee Hui and I _______________  jokes now. We ___________ jokes
     (crack) every day.  We ________________ (read) many comic strips.
8.  My parents ___________ (be) not at home.  They ____________ (go)
     to Japan on holiday for a week.  They _____(go) travelling every year.

Exercise 185
Fill in the blanks with the correct Tense of the Verb.
1.  Rowena has to __________ (do) most of the housework as her mother
     _________ (be)  a stallholder and busy.  She often ________  dinner
     for her family.  She ____________ dinner now.  She ______________
     (cook) two dishes already.
2.  Ramli __________ (wake) up late last Friday morning.  He __________
     (miss) the bus, so he _________(be) upset.  He __________(not wait)
      for another bus.  He decided to ________(run)  to school.  While he
      ______________(run)  half-way to school, Mr Kong _________ (drive)
      past him.  Mr Kong _____________ (drive) about 100 metres from
      him before he ________ (notice) Ramli and _______ (offer) him a lift.
3.  Chiayu ___________ (take) part in a concert next Saturday.  She ____
     ___________ (sing) in a choir.  After the performance, she
     ________________ (help) others at the back stage. 

Exercise 186
Fill in the blanks with the correct Tense of the Verb.
1.  We ought to ___________(be) polite to others.  Being polite to others
     ___________(not cost) us a cent.  Ahmad ________(be) rude to Aida
     yesterday.  He _________(feel) sorry and he apologised to her.  At
     that time, Mariana ______________(stand) beside them.  She ______
     ___________(persuade) Ahmad to do so before he ________ (agree).
2.  I ____________ (go) marketing tomorrow.  I _________________
    (market) at 7 am.  There _________(be) a lot of things to buy.  I
    _________ (go) downtown marketing every Thursday.  I ____________ 
    (already get) my marketing trolley, containers, basin and the like ready. 
3.  Nora ____________ (sleep) when a wild cat __________ (enter) her
     house.                                                                                  (115)

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